Exercise is essential in maintaining and promoting bone and muscle strength, which in turn can help prevent fractures. It also helps maintain a healthy body weight. The most common exercises recommended for patients with OI are swimming and water therapy. These exercises cause little stress on the bones and help to increase or maintain joint-wide range of motion for a patient with little risk of fracture.

Not so long ago, parents were advised to protect their children by carrying them on pillows and avoiding recreational activities. But this well-intentioned approach did not protect children from fractures (broken bones) and may have hindered development and achievement of independent functioning.

Bone growth depends on muscle pull as well as loading (weight bearing) through standing, walking, and lifting. Immobilization may result in loss of muscle and skeletal mass. It can take as long as a year to restore this bone mass following a relatively short period of immobilization. Over the years, it has become clear that physical activity is an important part of managing OI in both children and adults.

Research indicates that physical activity is important because it promotes :

• General Health through...
  
  

  + Cardiovascular Fitness.
  + Mental Alertness.
  + Weight Control.
  + Improved Sleep Quality.
  + Improved Ability to Handle Infection.
  + Reduced Risk for Some Cancers.
  
  

• Maximum Bone Density.

• Optimal Physical Function to Support Independence in Daily Activities.

• Optimal Psychological and Social Well-Being by Improving Self-Confidence and the Ability to Interact Socially with Peers.

Children and adults with OI will benefit from a regular program of physical activity to promote optimal function through muscle strengthening, aerobic exercise, and recreational pursuits. Activity programs may include specific exercises recommended by rehabilitation professionals (physiatrists, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and recreation therapists) as well as sports and other recreational activities.

Having fun and having a sense of accomplishment are legitimate goals for an exercise program. In addition, diet, weight control, and commitment to a healthy lifestyle are essential to longevity and an improved quality of life.